{"id":13400,"date":"2022-04-29T19:19:30","date_gmt":"2022-04-29T19:19:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laforcedmd.com\/frequently-asked-questions\/"},"modified":"2022-10-27T20:09:32","modified_gmt":"2022-10-27T20:09:32","slug":"frequently-asked-questions","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/laforcedmd.com\/en\/frequently-asked-questions\/","title":{"rendered":"Frequently Asked Questions"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\">[mk_page_section vertical_align=&#8221;center&#8221; bg_image=&#8221;https:\/\/laforcedmd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/img-la-force-dmd-42-1.jpg&#8221; bg_position=&#8221;center center&#8221; bg_repeat=&#8221;no-repeat&#8221; bg_stretch=&#8221;true&#8221; enable_3d=&#8221;true&#8221; min_height=&#8221;250&#8243; full_height=&#8221;true&#8221; el_class=&#8221;section-header section-h2-title&#8221; sidebar=&#8221;sidebar-1&#8243;][vc_column][vc_column_text disable_pattern=&#8221;false&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1651091272661{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h2><span class=\"titre-jaune\">Get informed<\/span><\/h2>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/mk_page_section][vc_row fullwidth=&#8221;true&#8221; fullwidth_content=&#8221;false&#8221;][vc_column][vc_row_inner is_fullwidth_content=&#8221;false&#8221;][vc_column_inner][mk_padding_divider size=&#8221;75&#8243;][vc_column_text disable_pattern=&#8221;false&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; el_class=&#8221;contenu-lr-padding&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1654187164795{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h1 class=\"titre\">Frequently Asked<br \/>\n<span class=\"titre-jaune\">Questions<\/span><\/h1>\n<p class=\"txt-style2\">Frequently Asked Questions About Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][mk_padding_divider size=&#8221;75&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][mk_page_section vertical_align=&#8221;center&#8221; bg_image=&#8221;https:\/\/laforcedmd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/img-la-force-dmd-09.jpg&#8221; bg_position=&#8221;center center&#8221; bg_repeat=&#8221;no-repeat&#8221; bg_stretch=&#8221;true&#8221; enable_3d=&#8221;true&#8221; min_height=&#8221;250&#8243; full_height=&#8221;true&#8221; el_class=&#8221;section-header&#8221; sidebar=&#8221;sidebar-1&#8243;][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/mk_page_section][vc_row fullwidth=&#8221;true&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1650899369675{padding-right: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1650899375035{padding-right: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}&#8221;][vc_accordions style=&#8221;simple-style&#8221; open_toggle=&#8221;-1&#8243; container_bg_color=&#8221;&#8221; responsive=&#8221;false&#8221; scroll_click=&#8221;true&#8221; el_class=&#8221;liste-accordion liste-faq accordion-hide-title&#8221;][vc_accordion_tab title=&#8221;<br \/>\n&lt;h2&gt;What is Muscular Dystrophy&lt;\/h2&gt;<br \/>\n&#8220;][vc_row_inner css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1650920358081{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;bg-height-01&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1654799167356{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;background-image: url(https:\/\/laforcedmd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/img-la-force-dmd-35.jpg?id=11718) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}&#8221;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text disable_pattern=&#8221;false&#8221; el_class=&#8221;contenu-inner-padding&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1654193708695{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h2>What is <span class=\"titre-jaune\">Muscular Dystrophy<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Muscular dystrophy and other related muscle diseases are rare conditions referred to as \u201cneuromuscular disorders.\u201d Neuromuscular disorders are diseases that weaken the body\u2019s muscles. The causes, symptoms, age of onset, severity and progression vary depending on the exact diagnosis and the individual.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_accordion_tab][vc_accordion_tab title=&#8221;<br \/>\n&lt;h2&gt;What is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy&lt;\/h2&gt;<br \/>\n&#8220;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;bg-height-02&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1654799085503{padding-right: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;background-image: url(https:\/\/laforcedmd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/img-la-force-dmd-32.jpg?id=11710) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}&#8221;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text disable_pattern=&#8221;false&#8221; el_class=&#8221;contenu-inner-padding&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1654193716044{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h2>What is <span class=\"titre-jaune\">Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, or (dmd)<\/strong>, is a type of <strong>muscular dystrophy<\/strong> that causes muscles to weaken as a result of the absence of dystrophin, the protein that keeps muscles healthy and functioning properly. The weakening of the muscles gets worse over time and leads to difficulty in physical function, such as standing up, walking, and in later stages, breathing. Eventually, it can also bring about heart failure.<\/p>\n<p>As these functions become more difficult, it becomes harder for the patient to perform daily activities, and that can lead to a loss of independence. Duchenne muscular dystropy mainly affects boys. However, girls can be affected also, but when they are, they usually do not experience the full effects of the disease in the same way boys do.<\/p>\n<p>Signs of the disease start at a young age and may be noticed when a child has difficulty standing up, climbing, or running. Duchenne affects about 1 of every 3,600 to 6,000 male births worldwide each year.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_accordion_tab][vc_accordion_tab title=&#8221;<br \/>\n&lt;h2&gt;What are the symptoms of Duchenne muscular dystrophy&lt;\/h2&gt;<br \/>\n&#8220;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;bg-height-04&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1654799280128{padding-right: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;background-image: url(https:\/\/laforcedmd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/img-la-force-dmd-36.jpg?id=11720) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}&#8221;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][mk_padding_divider size=&#8221;50&#8243;][vc_column_text disable_pattern=&#8221;false&#8221; el_class=&#8221;smaller-inner-padding&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1655147005402{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h2>What are the symptoms of <span class=\"titre-jaune\">Duchenne muscular dystrophy<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Although children with Duchenne appear healthy when they are born, reaching developmental milestones, such as sitting, walking, and talking, is delayed compared with children who do not have Duchenne. Typically between the ages of 2 and 5, children with Duchenne start to show more obvious signs and symptoms of the disease.<\/p>\n<p>Signs and symptoms of Duchenne can include:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"liste\">\n<li>Frequent falling<\/li>\n<li>Calf enlargement<\/li>\n<li>An unusual waddle<\/li>\n<li>That can include swaying while walking, walking with the feet far apart, and walking on the toes<\/li>\n<li>Difficulty keeping up with friends during play and physical activities<\/li>\n<li>Weakened reflexes<\/li>\n<li>Breathing difficulties<\/li>\n<li>Use of Gowers maneuver to get up from the floor or from a chair<\/li>\n<li>In some cases, learning and behavior problems, including poor attention and memory skills<\/li>\n<li>Delayed speech development<\/li>\n<li>Delayed motor development<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>*Gowers<\/em> maneuver: Demonstration of muscle weakness. Tend to walk on their toes Have delayed speech development Use their hands and arms to push the body into an upright position <a class=\"lien\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dmd-guide.org\/fr\/diagnosis\/when-to-suspect-dmd\/\">(Gowers sign)<\/a> due to weak hips and thigh muscles This maneuver, specific to getting up from the ground, is secondary to the weakness of the thigh muscles.[\/vc_column_text][mk_padding_divider size=&#8221;50&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_accordion_tab][vc_accordion_tab title=&#8221;<br \/>\n&lt;h2&gt;How DMD Changes Over Time&lt;\/h2&gt;<br \/>\n&#8220;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;bg-height-02&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1654799619448{padding-right: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;background-image: url(https:\/\/laforcedmd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/img-la-force-dmd-38.jpg?id=11725) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}&#8221;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text disable_pattern=&#8221;false&#8221; el_class=&#8221;contenu-inner-padding&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1654193732807{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h2>How DMD Changes <span class=\"titre-jaune\">Over Time<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Duchenne causes muscle weakness, which worsens over time, resulting in increasing difficulty in performing everyday tasks and functions, such as walking, standing, and breathing\u2013all of which can lead to an eventual loss of independence.<\/p>\n<p>Although the progression and severity of symptoms of Duchenne differ for every child, there are several distinct phases of the disease. Those phases may be referred to by different names by doctors, publications, and websites.<\/p>\n<p>As the symptoms progress over time, so do the care needs of someone living with Duchenne. Although there is no cure for Duchenne, disease management strategies exist that can help maintain muscle function and slow the progression of the disease. Those interventions may help improve a patient\u2019s quality of life.<\/p>\n<p>It is important to report any symptoms to your child\u2019s doctor as soon as possible to help minimize delays in diagnosis and ensure that your child is receiving the necessary testing.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_accordion_tab][vc_accordion_tab title=&#8221;<br \/>\n&lt;h2&gt;How do we diagnose Duchenne&lt;\/h2&gt;<br \/>\n&#8220;][vc_row_inner is_fullwidth_content=&#8221;false&#8221;][vc_column_inner][mk_padding_divider size=&#8221;50&#8243;][vc_column_text disable_pattern=&#8221;false&#8221; el_class=&#8221;contenu-inner-padding&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1654799591171{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h2 style=\"margin-bottom: 25px; text-align: center;\">How do we diagnose <span class=\"titre-jaune\">Duchenne<\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"txt-style2\">Diagnosing Duchenne requires 3 steps<\/p>\n<p><strong>Step 1 \u2014 Observing signs and symptoms<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Those observations can be made by:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"liste\">\n<li>A parent or other family member<\/li>\n<li>A child\u2019s pediatrician or family doctor<\/li>\n<li>A school nurse or teacher<\/li>\n<li>A physical therapist or other specialist who provides care to children with the specific challenges associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Observations may include:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"liste\">\n<li>Difficulty running, jumping, climbing stairs compared with other children of similar age<\/li>\n<li>Gowers maneuver<\/li>\n<li>Speech delay, abnormal gait (way of walking), frequent falling, walking on tip-toes, enlarged calf muscles<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Step 2\u2014Blood tests to determine enzyme levels<\/strong><br \/>\nIf signs and symptoms of Duchenne are observed, a doctor may recommend blood tests. Blood tests show whether certain blood levels fall within a normal range. A doctor may check levels of the liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), high levels of which can result from muscular dystrophies.<br \/>\nCK is an enzyme that is found in the heart, brain, skeletal muscle, and other tissues in the body. High levels of CK indicate muscle damage.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Range of CK levels<\/strong><br \/>\n22-198 U\/L : Normal range<br \/>\n3,000-3,500+ U\/L : Duchenne muscular dystrophy<br \/>\nCK is an enzyme released from muscle when it is damaged. If a child has a high CK level, he or she should be taken, as soon as possible, to a neuromuscular specialist to confirm or rule out a diagnosis of Duchenne with the use of genetic testing. Elevated levels of CK are also seen in people with other muscle diseases and are not enough to diagnose DMD.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Step 3 \u2014 Genetic tests<\/strong><br \/>\nGenetic testing is used to confirm the majority of Duchenne diagnoses and can be done with a simple blood test. Full gene sequencing can help identify the specific type of mutation that is causing a child\u2019s Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and that can affect how the condition is managed.<\/p>\n<p>Other tests that have been used to diagnose Duchenne include muscle biopsies and electromyography (EMG). An EMG is a test that checks the health of the muscles or nerves that control them. Muscle biopsy and EMG are becoming less common as a means to diagnose Duchenne. A muscle biopsy cannot determine the exact mutation that is causing Duchenne.<\/p>\n<p>Talk to your doctor about genetic testing.[\/vc_column_text][mk_padding_divider size=&#8221;50&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_accordion_tab][vc_accordion_tab title=&#8221;<br \/>\n&lt;h2&gt;Getting a confirmed diagnosis as soon as possible is important because:&lt;\/h2&gt;<br \/>\n&#8220;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;bg-height-03&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1654799947749{padding-right: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;background-image: url(https:\/\/laforcedmd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/img-la-force-dmd-39.jpg?id=11727) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}&#8221;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text disable_pattern=&#8221;false&#8221; el_class=&#8221;smaller-inner-padding&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1654193747511{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h2>Why is it important to diagnose Duchenne <span class=\"titre-jaune\">as early as possible?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Getting a confirmed diagnosis as soon as possible is important because:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"liste\">\n<li>The earlier treatment and management strategies are started, the better the chance of preserving muscle strength and function for a longer period of time<\/li>\n<li>This makes it possible to move quickly to genetic testing, the results of which will help identify the specific mutation that causes dmd, opening the door to more targeted management of the disease.<\/li>\n<li>can allow parents to make informed family-planning decisions<\/li>\n<li>can help determine the specific mutation that caused Duchenne, providing the opportunity to manage the disease with a more targeted approach<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_accordion_tab][vc_accordion_tab title=&#8221;<br \/>\n&lt;h2&gt;What management strategies are currently available for DMD?&lt;\/h2&gt;<br \/>\n&#8220;][vc_row_inner attached=&#8221;true&#8221;][vc_column_inner el_class=&#8221;bg-height-02&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1654799514201{padding-right: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;background-image: url(https:\/\/laforcedmd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/img-la-force-dmd-37.jpg?id=11722) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}&#8221;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text disable_pattern=&#8221;false&#8221; el_class=&#8221;smaller-inner-padding&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1655147039470{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;]\n<h2>What management strategies are <span class=\"titre-jaune\">currently available for DMD?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Current disease management strategies focus on maintaining muscle function for as long as possible and managing the symptoms of Duchenne. Those strategies include:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Corticosteroids (steroid medications)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Corticosteroids are the most commonly used treatment for Duchenne. While they do not address the underlying cause of the disease, they can help manage the symptoms of the disease by preserving muscle strength and movement, and by minimizing later complications, such as scoliosis (a curvature of the spine) and trouble breathing.<\/p>\n<p>It is important to monitor children who take steroids over a long period of time because the drugs can cause serious side effects. Speak with your doctor for more information about these side effects.<\/p>\n<p>Deflazacort, a glucocorticoid used as an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant is recognized as a safe, effective and promising treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, by this study from the <a class=\"lien cursor-target\" href=\"https:\/\/www.santelog.com\/actualites\/myopathie-de-duchenne-quel-est-le-meilleur-corticoide-pour-freiner-la-maladie\">University of Rochester.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The corticosteroid prednisone or prednisolone in previous studies have shown that daily use of corticosteroids can increase muscle mass and slow muscle degeneration in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, prolong their ability to walk over time and preserve their respiratory function. However, many affected patients do not receive these corticosteroid treatments, mainly because of possible side effects with prolonged use, especially in children.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_accordion_tab][\/vc_accordions][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[mk_page_section vertical_align=&#8221;center&#8221; bg_image=&#8221;https:\/\/laforcedmd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/img-la-force-dmd-42-1.jpg&#8221; bg_position=&#8221;center center&#8221; bg_repeat=&#8221;no-repeat&#8221; bg_stretch=&#8221;true&#8221; enable_3d=&#8221;true&#8221; min_height=&#8221;250&#8243; full_height=&#8221;true&#8221; el_class=&#8221;section-header section-h2-title&#8221; sidebar=&#8221;sidebar-1&#8243;][vc_column][vc_column_text disable_pattern=&#8221;false&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1651091272661{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;] Get informed [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/mk_page_section][vc_row fullwidth=&#8221;true&#8221; fullwidth_content=&#8221;false&#8221;][vc_column][vc_row_inner is_fullwidth_content=&#8221;false&#8221;][vc_column_inner][mk_padding_divider size=&#8221;75&#8243;][vc_column_text disable_pattern=&#8221;false&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; el_class=&#8221;contenu-lr-padding&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1654187164795{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;] Frequently Asked Questions Frequently Asked Questions About Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][mk_padding_divider size=&#8221;75&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][mk_page_section vertical_align=&#8221;center&#8221; bg_image=&#8221;https:\/\/laforcedmd.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/img-la-force-dmd-09.jpg&#8221; bg_position=&#8221;center center&#8221; bg_repeat=&#8221;no-repeat&#8221; bg_stretch=&#8221;true&#8221; enable_3d=&#8221;true&#8221; min_height=&#8221;250&#8243; full_height=&#8221;true&#8221; el_class=&#8221;section-header&#8221; sidebar=&#8221;sidebar-1&#8243;][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/mk_page_section][vc_row fullwidth=&#8221;true&#8221; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13400","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>La Force | FAQ<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Check out our Frequently Asked Questions about Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/laforcedmd.com\/en\/frequently-asked-questions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta 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