{"id":3271,"date":"2016-01-20T16:12:09","date_gmt":"2016-01-20T16:12:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/interactif.com\/enfold\/?p=3271"},"modified":"2022-05-03T18:26:49","modified_gmt":"2022-05-03T18:26:49","slug":"crispr-cas9-genetic-engineering-offers-real-hope-of-advancement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laforcedmd.com\/en\/crispr-cas9-genetic-engineering-offers-real-hope-of-advancement\/","title":{"rendered":"CRISPR-cas9 \u2026 Genetic engineering offers real hope of advancement"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>The year 2015 ended with the announcement of great news for the DMD community. Indeed, the scientific community has been voicing much enthusiasm at the discovery of a genetic engineering technique that will eventually help us with a wide array of things, such as protecting certain endangered species, stopping malaria and curing diseases!<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Genetic \u201ccut and paste\u201d<\/h2>\n<p>The event is of such scientific importance that <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/topic\/2015-breakthrough-year\"><em>Science<\/em> magazine<\/a> awarded the title of a scientific breakthrough of the year to the genetic engineering technology referred to as CRISPR\/cas9. <a href=\"http:\/\/plus.lapresse.ca\/screens\/4eb159c7-9e95-4be5-94b0-becfec32c897%7COuUKwDj~dPN1.html\">La Presse +<\/a> published an interesting and informative article on the subject in its January 17, 2016, edition.<\/p>\n<p>Derived from a bacterial defence mechanism, a new gene suppression and insertion technique is spreading like wildfire in laboratories everywhere. Thanks to its high targeting accuracy, CRISPR-cas9 is by far the most effective technique to correct DNA defects. It\u2019s described as a \u201cmolecular kit\u201d of sorts, a clever and complex toolkit that enables us to perform \u201ccut and paste\u201d operations in the DNA of living things.<\/p>\n<h4>This technology works as follows:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>The <em>CRISPR<\/em> component \u2013 a type of gene sequence found naturally in certain organisms, including viruses \u2013 can recognize a specific genome sequence, that is to say, go to the place where lies the defect responsible for the disease.<\/li>\n<li>The <em>Cas9<\/em> component acts as a pair of scissors and can \u201ccut\u201d in the DNA at a specific location, i.e., where action must be taken.<\/li>\n<li>From here, one can either choose to <em>remove<\/em> a genetic mutation or <em>insert<\/em> a fix for the faulty gene.<\/li>\n<li>Using its normal DNA repair mechanisms, the cell will then naturally reattach the strands.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The latest results obtained in mice demonstrate the CRISPR method\u2019s potential for correcting certain genetic abnormalities after birth.<\/p>\n<h4>An encouraging step in the fight against DMD<\/h4>\n<p>As we know, DMD is the result of an error in the \u201cwriting\u201d of the gene responsible for producing dystrophin. In people suffering from Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the dystrophin gene has undergone a genetic mutation: the gene is badly written, the cellular machinery expected to read it cannot do it, and as a result, the protein is simply not produced.<\/p>\n<p>Researchers have undertaken to use CRISPR\/Cas9 to remove the mutated part of the gene. By erasing the <em>illegible<\/em> component blocking the genetic material\u2019s decoding process and introducing a proper genetic sequence, researchers have restored the production of dystrophin, which is essential to the proper functioning of the muscle.<\/p>\n<p>To spread their molecular kit in all of the body\u2019s cells of the researchers found a way to put it on board of viruses that have a particular attraction to muscle cells. They then injected this mixture into diseased mice. After a few weeks, the muscles of these rodents began synthesizing dystrophin, a substance they were previously unable to produce\u2026<\/p>\n<h4>Cautiously excited\u2026<\/h4>\n<p><strong>As exciting as the news of this extraordinary discovery is, we are still far from our common goal: it must be kept in mind that testing has only been performed on mice at this time, and researchers warn that the real challenge will be to transpose this in humans and potentially have to deal with an immune response from the patient.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>That being said, it will be extremely interesting to see where it takes us!<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4>A few relevant links:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/passeurdesciences.blog.lemonde.fr\/2016\/01\/03\/comment-bidouiller-un-gene-pour-soigner-la-myopathie\/\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Passeur des sciences<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"http:\/\/sante.lefigaro.fr\/%E2%80%A6\/24458-souris-gueries-maladie-duc%E2%80%A6\">Sant\u00e9 Le Figaro<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.santelog.com\/%E2%80%A6\/la-myopathie-de-duchenne-stoppee%E2%80%A6\">Santelog<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"http:\/\/youthindependent.com\/researchers-successfully-halt-%E2%80%A6\/\">YouthIndependant<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.c304627.phpom\/articles\/\">Medical News Today<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tvanouvelles.ca\/%E2%80%A6\/succes-inedit-de-ledition-gene%E2%80%A6\">TVA Nouvelles<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The year 2015 ended with the announcement of great news for the DMD community. Indeed, the scientific community has been voicing much enthusiasm at the discovery of a genetic engineering technique that will eventually help us with a wide array of things, such as protecting certain endangered species, stopping malaria and curing diseases! Genetic \u201ccut [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3272,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3271","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>CRISPR-cas9 \u2026 Genetic engineering offers real hope of advancement -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A new gene suppression and insertion technique is spreading like wildfire in laboratories everywhere. 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